Why Do We Get Goosebumps?

When was the last time you saw something that scared the life out of you? You must have also observed that your skin hair stands up during such a moment. This phenomenon is generally referred to as goosebumps or, in more scientific terms, piloerection. So, why does this happen?

Goosebumps are caused due to a hormone in our body known as adrenaline, which is secreted by a gland (a specialized group of cells) called the adrenal gland, located on our kidneys. A hormone is basically a chemical substance which brings about certain changes in our body. So, what exactly does adrenaline do?

Adrenaline is secreted only when we experience emotions like fear, surprise etc. or when the temperature of our surroundings or body is less. So, when one experiences such emotions, the kidneys secrete adrenaline into our bloodstream. The hormone then shows its effects.

Adrenaline causes increased heart rate, profuse sweating, and rapid breathing to name a few. But, one important function of this hormone, which is of relevance to this article, is that it reduces blood flow to our skin and digestive system. So, how does that cause goosebumps?

One of the many functions of blood is to maintain our body’s temperature. When blood flow is reduced to our skin, our skin becomes cold. This, inturn, makes our skin hair stand up and give us goosebumps. Additionally, our muscles contract due to lower temperatures, giving our skin a bumpy look.

So, how was it? Did it give you a “hairy” insight about goosebumps? Feel free to comment in the Comments section.

Author: Venkata Bhamidipati